Concurrent Computer Corporation
PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes

PowerUX 3.1 Products are: base_3.1 ================================================================================ ================================================================================ Power Hawk PowerUX* Version 3.1 Release Notes Harris Computer Systems Corporation 1. Introduction This document provides an overview of PowerUX Release 3.1. PowerUX is supported on a variety of hardware platforms including the following: o Night Hawk Series 6000 systems (models HN6200 and HN6800) o Power MAXION systems o Power Hawk Model 610 systems o Power Stack systems (Note: Information applicable to Power Hawk is also applicable to Power Stack unless otherwise noted.) PowerUX 3.1 is based on UNIXO System V Release 4.2 MP with real-time enhancements provided by Concurrent Computer Corporation. The PowerUX release is distributed on multiple tapes. The Base Installation tape contains standalone utilities, a bootable mini- kernel, system installation software, file system restore utility, and the base software package. The Additional Packages tape contains optional software packages that may be installed once the base package is installed. __________ * These release notes cover the following products: PowerUX - 1 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes 2. Documentation 2.1 PowerUX Software Documentation The following table lists the available PowerUX documentation. Note that standalone release notes are available for the Night Hawk, Power MAXION and Power Hawk platforms. The corresponding release notes will be sent with the applicable platform. ____________________________________________________________ | Manual Name Pub. Number| |_____________________________________________|_____________| | PowerUX Programming Guide | 0890423-040| | Character User Interface Programming | 0890424-000| | Device Driver Programming | 0890425-030| | STREAMS Modules and Drivers | 0890426-000| | User's Guide | 0890428-010| | System Administration Volume 1 | 0890429-040| | System Administration Volume 2 | 0890430-040| | Power Hawk PowerUX Version 3.1 Release Notes| 0891058-3.1| | Compilation Systems Volume 1 (Tools) | 0890459-040| | Compilation Systems Volume 2 (Concepts) | 0890460-040| | PowerUX Real-Time Guide | 0890466-030| | PowerUX Guide to Real-Time Services | 0890479-030| | Documentation Overview | 0890470-030| | Power Hawk 610 Console Reference Manual | 0830050-010| |_____________________________________________|_____________| Copies of the listed documentation can be ordered by contacting the Concurrent Software Support Center. The toll-free number for calls within the continental United States is 1-800-245-6453. For calls outside the continental United States, the number is 1-305-971-6248. Standalone product release notes are sometimes provided with software products. The release notes you receive will be at the software revision level that matches the associated software product level. 2.2 Power Hawk Motorola Documentation The following table lists the standard Motorola documentation that is normally provided with each Power Hawk system (see table above for documentation available with PowerUX). - 2 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX __________________________________________________________________ | Manual Name Pub. Number| |___________________________________________________|_____________| | PPCBug Firmware Package User's Manual, Part 1 of 2| PPCBUGA1/UM| | PPCBug Firmware Package User's Manual, Part 2 of 2| PPCBUGA2/UM| | PPC1Bug Diagnostic Manual | PPC1DIAA/UM| |___________________________________________________|_____________| 3. Software Prerequisites None. 4. Hardware Prerequisites 4.1 CPU Note The Power Hawk and Power Stack systems are basically similar. The Power Stack system however does not have a VME backplane. Therefore, all references to VME, VME devices, software applicable to VME, etc., does not apply to the Power Stack system. Single-board computer with minimum of 32MB of memory - Motorola MVME1604-003, -004, -005 (PowerPC 604) system. 4.2 SCSI Interface Controller Minimum requirements are: 1. At least one of the following supported SCSI interface controllers - o Internal NCR 53C825 SCSI controller. This is built into the MVME1604 board. o VME Interface Adapter (VIA), PN 1580009. Minimum Rev is -1. 2. At least one supported SCSI disk drive for system files and swap space. 3. At least one supported SCSI tape device for software installation and updates. - 3 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes 4.3 Disk/Tape Drives Each system must have a system disk and tape drive. The smallest disk drive supported for the installation disk (that contains the PowerUX executables) is 1GB. The installation disk must be on a VIA or an internal SCSI (ncr) located on the processor board. At least one disk or tape drive must be attached to the internal SCSI controller during powerup to provide boot software (console). It is recommended that the system disk be attached to the internal SCSI controller. 4.4 Ethernet Controllers 4.4.1 Internal_DEC_Ethernet_Controller Ethernet may be provided with the on-board DEC 21040 Ethernet chip. 4.4.2 Interphase_4207_Eagle VME-based Ethernet may be provided via the Interphase 4207 Eagle Ethernet Controller. The minimum revision level of the ethernet controller board (PN 2010221) is Rev E. 4.4.3 Interphase_4221_Condor VME-based Ethernet may be provided via the Interphase 4221 Condor Ethernet Controller. The minimum revision level of the ethernet controller board (PN 2010316) is Rev A. 4.5 FDDI Controllers 4.5.1 Interphase_Peregrine_4211 VME-based FDDI is provided via the Interphase 4211 (Peregrine 1) controller. The minimum revision level of the FDDI controller board (PN 2010225) is Rev C. 4.5.2 Interphase_Peregrine_5211 VME-based FDDI is provided via the Interphase 5211 (Peregrine 2) controller. The minimum revision level of the FDDI controller board (PN 2010307) is Rev -. 4.6 HPS VME-based asynchronous serial communications is provided by the High Performance Serial (HPS) interface controller. The minimum revision level of the HPS controller board (PN 2010218) is Rev D. - 4 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX 4.7 HSDE VME-based HSD interface is provided by the High Speed Driver Enhanced (HSDE) controller. The minimum revision level of the HSDE controller board (PN 1573300) is Rev P. 4.8 1553 VME-based MIL-STD-1553 Version 2 (V2) interface is provided by the 1553 controller. The minimum revision level of the 1553 controller board (PN 2010209) is Rev C. 4.9 DR11-W VME-based controller with a DEC DR11-W protocol external channel interface. Up to 8 DR11-W boards are supported. The minimum revision level of the DR11-W controller board (PN 2010179) is Rev -. 4.10 Parallel Printer Port The parallel printer port is compatible with IEEE standard P1284, as well as simple Centronics compatibility. The parallel port connector, a 25-pin female DB connector, is located on the transition module for chassis models, or on the rear connector panel on desktop models. 4.11 VDT Terminal A wy150, vt100, or compatible terminal, is required to the run the sysadm utility. 5. System Installation The PowerUX operating system is installed as software packages using the Software Packaging Tools. Two installation modes, Custom and Semi-Automatic, are now available. Refer to Section 5.3 for additional details. 5.1 Software Packages This section contains brief descriptions of available software packages. Note that your complement of available software may be less than that shown in Table 1 and entirely depends on the optional software packages you purchased. The availability of a software package for the various supported platforms is shown in Table 1 by a "y" (yes) or "n" (no) in the appropriate column. - 5 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes Package dependencies are specified in the sixth column in Table 1. Packages with dependencies must be installed after the packages they depend on. When installing the optional package(s) from the system installation menu, you must also remember to select all required dependency package(s). The installation scripts will install the packages in the proper order. Some optional packages are relocatable, that is, objects may be installed in an alternative directory other than root. When installing a relocatable package, the user will be prompted for an alternate installation path. Note that all packages are dependent on base. - 6 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX Table 1. Software Packages ________________________________________________________________________________________ | | HN6200| Power| Powe| | Package | | Package Description | HN6800| MAXIO| Hawk| Name | Dependencie| |___________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_________|____________| | Standard: | | | | | | | Base System | y | y | y | base | | | Printer Support | y | y | y | lp | | | Network Support Utilities | y | y | y | nsu | | | Terminfo Utilities | y | y | y | terminf | | | Advanced Commands | y | y | y | cmds | lp, nsu | | Program Analyzer | y | y | y | analyze | | | Elan License Manager | y | y | y | elanlm | | | Fortran Libraries | y | y | y | hf77libs| | | OA&M | y | y | y | oam | cmds | | Extended Backup and Restore | y | y | y | bkrs | oam | | Software Packaging Tools | y | y | y | softint | | | Kernel Debugger | y | y | y | kdb | | | Domestic Encryption Utilities | y | y | y | crypt | | | International Encryption Utilities | y | y | y | crypt-in| | | Online Manual Pages | y | y | y | man | | | Closed SARs | y | y | y | sar | | |___________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_________|____________| | Drivers: | | | | | | | Condor Ethernet Driver | y | y | y | cnd | nsu | | CD-ROM Driver | y | y | y | cdfs | | | DR11W | y | y | y | dr11w | | | Eagle Ethernet Driver | y | y | y | egl | nsu | | High Performance Serial Driver(HPS) | y | y | y | hps | | | HSDE | y | y | y | hsde | | | Peregrine FDDI Driver | y | y | y | pg | nsu | | X.25 Driver | y | n | y | ix25 | | | 1553 V2 ABI Driver | y | y | y | 1553drv | | | 1553 V2 ABI Libraries | y | y | y | 1533lib | 1553drv | | Integral SCSI/Ethernet (ISE) | y | n | n | ise | | | - ISE SCSI Driver | y | n | n | is | ise | | - ISE Ethernet Driver | y | n | n | ie | ise,nsu | | Internal NCR SCSI Driver | n | y | y | ncr | | | Internal DEC Ethernet Driver | n | y | y | dec | nsu | | MVME300 IEEE 488 | y | y | n | mvme300 | | | HSA/VIA SCSI Adapter Driver | y | n | n | hsa | | | VIA SCSI Adapter Driver | n | y | y | via | | | Parallel Port Driver | n | n | y | lpt | lp | |___________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_________|____________| - 7 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes Table 1. Software Packages (Cont.) __________________________________________________________________________________________ | | HN6200| Power| Powe| | Package | | Package Description | HN6800| MAXIO| Hawk| Name | Dependencies | |________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_______|___________________| | TCP/IP Networking: | | | | | | | Internet Utilities | y | y | y | inet | nsu | | Commands Networking Extension | y | y | y | netcmd| lp, inet | | Remote Procedure Calls Utilities | y | y | y | rpc | inet | |________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_______|___________________| | Network File System: | | | | | | | Network File System Utilities | y | y | y | nfs | nsu, inet, rpc, df| | Distributed File System Utilities | y | y | y | dfs | inet | |________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_______|___________________| | Security: | | | | | | | Auditing | y | y | y | audit | | | Access Control List Utilities | y | y | y | acl | | | Enhanced Security Utilities | y | y | y | es | acl, audit | |________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_______|___________________| | Frequency-Based Scheduler: | | | | | | | Frequency-Based Scheduler and | | | | | | | Performance Monitor | y | y | y | fbs | | | Frequency-Based Scheduler Manual Page| y | y | y | fbsman| | |________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_______|___________________| | Software Development: | | | | | | | Concurrent C Compilation System | y | y | y | hc | analyze | | Fortran 77 Compilation System | y | y | y | hf77 | analyze | | cfront C++ Language System | y | y | y | cfront| analyze, hc | | Ada Programming Support | | | | | | | Environment (HAPSE) | y | y | y | ada | analyze | | Ada X Interface (AXI) | y | y | y | axi | ada, x11 | | Ada Runtime Shared-Libraries | y | y | y | ada_rt| | |________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_______|___________________| | Window System: | | | | | | | X Window System with OSF/Motif | y | y | y | x11 | nsu | |________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_______|___________________| | NightStar Tools: | | | | | | | NightProbe | y | y | y | nprobe| elanlm, x11 | | NightSim | y | y | y | nsim | elanlm, x11 | | NightTrace | y | y | y | ntrace| elanlm, x11 | | NightView | y | y | y | nview | elanlm, x11 | |________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_______|___________________| | Miscellaneous: | | | | | | | Virtual Partition | y | y | y | vp | | | VERITAS Volume Manager | y | y | y | vxvm | nsu | |________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_______|___________________| |________________________________________|_______|______|_____|_______|___________________| - 8 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX | | | | | | | |The following pages contain a brief description of all of the|packages | available on PowerUX. Refer to Table 1 above to determine if the package listed is applicable to your system. - 9 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes Description of Standard Packages: Base System (base) The Base System package provides the base set of commands and system utilities. Printer Support (lp) Although some printing capabilities are provided in the base package, more advanced printing capabilities, and a wider range of printers, are included in the Printer Support package. Network Support Utilities (nsu) The Network Support Utilities package provides the basis on which networking capabilities are built. Terminfo Utilities (terminf) The Terminfo Utilities Package provides support for a wide variety of terminals beyond those provided in the base package. Advanced Commands (cmds) The Advanced Commands package provides the remaining user and administrative commands. Program Analyzer (analyze) This package provides utilities for performance analysis and post-linker optimization. Elan License Manager (elanlm) This package contains the license manager daemon and reporting commands required by license-managed applications, including all NightStar tools. hf77libs (hf77libs) This package provides runtime libraries for the Fortran 77 Compilation System. OA&M (oam) The Operations Administration and Maintenance package provides a character-based, menu-oriented interface to a wide variety of advanced, server-oriented administrative tasks. Extended Backup and Restore (bkrs) The Extended Backup and Restore Package includes a flexible set of backup and restore utilities. - 10 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX Software Packaging Tools (softint) This package provides tools to support the development process and includes a variety of archive libraries as well as tools to create and modify packages. Kernel Debugger (kdb) The Kernel Debugger package provides a tool to assist in the porting and debugging of kernel modules and drivers by allowing the developer to examine and control a running kernel. Domestic Encryption Utilities (crypt) The domestic Encryption Utilities package supports the encryption of files and other data. This package is for distribution in the United States. International Encryption Utilities (crypt-int) Same as above but for international distribution. Online Manual Pages (man) System manual pages (man pages) provided in an on-line format for viewing using the man command. Closed SARs (sar) Software Action Reports (SARs) closed in this release can be found in file /usr/src/PRODUCTS/SARS.CLOSED. Description of Drivers Packages: Eagle Ethernet Driver (egl) This package supports the Interphase Ethernet 4207 Eagle VME board. Up to 6 Eagle Ethernet boards are supported. Condor Ethernet Driver (cnd) This package supports the Condor Ethernet 4211 VME board. Up to 6 Condor Ethernet boards are supported. CD-ROM Driver (cdfs) The CD-ROM package provides read-only access to file systems on SCSI CD-ROM devices. ISO-9660 and High Sierra formats are supported. Parallel Port Driver (lpt) This driver package supports the parallel port on the Power Hawk. Only one parallel port is supported per system. This driver supports local printing to a directly connected printer. - 11 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes Peregrine FDDI Driver (pg) This package supports the Interphase FDDI 4211 and 5211 Peregrine VME boards. Up to 3 Peregrine VME boards are supported. High Performance Serial Driver (hps) This package supports the High Performance Serial adapter, a VME board providing 16 asynchronous serial ports running up to 38400 baud, and 1 optional Centronics parallel printer port. Up to eight HPS adapters are supported. HSA/VIA SCSI Adapter Driver (hsa) This driver package is for Model HN6200/HN6800 only, and supports the following: 1. SCSI Adapter Interface (hsa), an HVME board providing mass storage capability to the system. Up to 7 Concurrent specified SCSI disks or tapes may be connected to a single HSA board. 2. VME Interface Adapter for SCSI (via), an HVME board providing mass storage capability to the system. Up to 30 (if 16-bit wide SCSI) Concurrent specified SCSI disks or tapes may be connected to a single VIA board. Refer to online manual page dlvia(8) for information on how to download VIA-board firmware. VME Interface Adapter Driver (via) This general purpose DMA Channel board is for Power MAXION and Power Hawk only. The via board supports up to two optional daughter cards: 1. SCSI-2 card that supports fast and wide single ended SCSI-2 transfers, supports up to 7 devices. 2. SCSI-2 differential card that supports fast and wide transfers. Refer to online manual page dlvia(8) for information on how to download VIA-board firmware. Internal NCR 53C825 SCSI Driver (ncr) This driver package supports the internal SCSI controller chip on the Power MAXION and Motorola MVME1604 processor cards. Up to seven disks and/or tape drives may be connected to this internal SCSI bus. Internal DEC 21040 Ethernet Driver (dec) This driver package supports the internal Ethernet controller chip on the Power MAXION and Motorola MVME1604 processor cards. Both 10baseT and AUI connections are supported. Also supported is the DE435 - 12 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX PCI controller card which is based on this Ethernet chip. High Speed Data Enhanced Channel Driver (hsde) This package supports the HSDE Channel Interface. The HSDE provides high-speed, 32-bit parallel bidirectional link for transferring control, status and data between the HN6200/HN6800 (H)VMEbus system and an external device using the Encore HSD Interface Model 9132 protocol. 1553 V2 ABI Driver (1553drv) This package provides a user-level device driver for the Version 2 (V2) Advanced Bus Interface (ABI) MIL- STD-1553 Adapter. 1553 V2 ABI Libraries (1553lib) This package provides program interfaces that can be used within an application program. This interface is the same as those provided by the manufacturer of the 1553 board, SBS Engineering, Inc. Motorola MVME300 IEEE488 Interface Driver (mvme300) This package supports the Motorola's MVME300 IEEE 488 bus interface controller. Up to 8 MVME300 controllers are supported. Ikon DR11W Driver (dr11w) This package supports the Ikon 10089 DR11W emulator board. Up to 16 DR11W boards are supported (8 in the Primary I/O bus, 8 in the Secondary I/O bus). Integral SCSI/Ethernet Controller (ise) Provides base support for the Integral SCSI/Ethernet daughtercards (ISE) available with Night Hawk systems. This package supports up to four ISE cards (one per processor board), and provides for automatic configuration of ISE cards during system initialization (e.g., no Sadapters(4) file changes required). ISE - SCSI (is) Provides driver support for up to seven SCSI peripherals for each configured ISE daughtercard. ISE - Ethernet (ie) Provides Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 local area network driver support for each configured ISE daughtercard. - 13 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes X.25 Driver (ix25) This package supports the X.25 high speed synchronous communication module that runs X.25/LAPB/HDLC. Description of TCP/IP Networking Packages: Internet Utilities (inet) The inet package includes the software needed to run the TCP/IP network and tools such as ftp, telnet, and rcp. Administrative software for setting up the network is also included. Commands Networking Extension (netcmds) The Commands Networking Extension Package extends the functionality of several basic commands by supporting the means to share printers across a network, and use additional transport mechanisms for the sending and receiving of electronic mail. Remote Procedure Calls Utilities (rpc) The Remote Procedure Calls Utilities package supports the remote execution facility. Description of Network File System Packages: Network File System Utilities (nfs) The Network File System Utilities package supports the means to transparently share resources across a network with other computers running the Network File System. Distributed File System Utilities (dfs) The dfs utilities package provides a simple user interface for performing networked operations such as advertising local resources and accessing remote resources. Description of Security Packages: To achieve B2-Level of security, add the packages audit, acl, and es. Auditing (audit) The Auditing package provides auditing facilities allowing a system administrator or security auditor to record and report all security-related events that occur on the system. Access Control List Utilities (acl) The Access Control List Utilities package provides Enhanced Discretionary Access Control (DAC), that - 14 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX allows a file owner to grant different access permissions for specific individuals or groups. Enhanced Security Utilities (es) The Enhanced Security Utilities package provides the Mandatory Access Control (MAC), Least Privilege Mechanism (LPM), and Trusted Path (TP) features: MAC is a mechanism to restrict access to files and other system objects on a need-to-know basis. LPM is a file-based privilege mechanism. TP is a mechanism to ensure that the user logging in is talking to the trusted login process. (The Trusted Path feature is only available on serial ports.) The term "C2 utilities" refers to the security features provided by the Auditing Set. The term "B1 utilities" refers to the software that provides the MAC feature; the term "B2 utilities" refers to the software that provides the MAC, LPM, and TP features. B2 utilities include the C2 and B1 utilities; B1 utilities include the C2 utilities. Description of Frequency-Based Scheduler Packages: Frequency-Based Scheduler and Performance Monitor (fbs) This package provides kernel support for the Frequency-Based Scheduler and Performance Monitor and Real-Time Command Processor. Frequency Based Scheduler Manual Pages (fbsman) This package provides the man pages associated with the Frequency-Based Scheduler and Performance Monitor. Description of Software Development Package: Concurrent C Compilation System (hc) This package provides the hc C compiler. This compiler offers ANSI C compliance and support for pre-ANSI C, together with other extensions. Fortran 77 Compilation System (hf77) This package provides the hf77 Fortran compiler and runtime libraries. This compilation system offers Fortran 77 and MIL-STD 1753 compliance, together with - 15 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes many popular extensions and a cross-reference tool with interface checking. C++ Language System (cfront) This package provides Novell's cfront 3.0.1 C++ language system. This language system comes with the cfront translator and the stream and complex runtime libraries. Ada Programming Support Environment (ada) This package consists of a validated Ada compiler, library, management tools, symbolic debugger, automated build utility, Ada bindings, real-time monitoring, the Ada Real-Time Multiprocessor tasking executive (ARMS) and runtime support libraries. Ada to X Interface (AXI) (axi) This package consists of the Ada to X Window system interface. Ada Runtime Shared-Libraries (ada_rts) This package consists of the compiled and linked form of HAPSE Runtime Shared-Libraries; including the basic Ada Real-Time Multiprocessor System (ARMS) standard libraries, Ada bindings, and others. Description of X Window System Package: X Window System Version 11, Release 5 (x11) Includes OSF/Motif (Version 1.2.5), commands, libraries and header files. Description of NightStar Tools Packages: NightProbe (nprobe) This package provides a utility for monitoring and recording data values in one or more target programs. NightSim (nsim) This package provides a utility to control and monitor the Frequency-Based Scheduler and its Performance Monitor. NightTrace (ntrace) This package provides a utility with a graphical interface to trace events occurring in the kernel and optionally within a user's application. - 16 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX NightView (nview) This package provides a general-purpose, source-level debugger for C, Fortran and Ada with support for multiple processes. (The Ada support is preliminary.) Description of Miscellaneous Packages: Virtual Partition (vp) This package provides a pseudo device driver that supports RAID level 0, or disk striping. VERITAS Volume Manager (vxvm) This package provides the system administrator with a disk management tool. See section 5.2 below on how disk must be configured when using the VERITAS Volume Manager. - 17 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes 5.2 System Disk Configuration The following system disk configuration is suggested for installing the system: _________|______|______________ | | minimum size partition| file| (formatted) _________|______|______________ 0 | root| 75 MB 1 | swap| 96 MB 2 | usr | 350 MB1 3 | var | 200 MB 4 | --- | 62 | boot| 1024 KB _________|______|______________ 1 - Suggested minimum partition size was increased in this release by 150MB. 2 - Partition is applicable to Power Hawk boot disks only. During system installation, you will be given the option of running the format(1M) command. You should choose this option to format the system disk and to select partition sizes. The format(1M) command "partition default" automatically selects the above partition sizes. Partition sizes may be increased and new partitions may be added, but the above assignments of file systems to partitions and minimum partition sizes must be maintained. The root and usr file systems should only contain system files and are not expected to grow much after system installation. The var file system contains system crashfiles, log(s) and temporary files. It is strongly recommended that user files be restricted from these file systems. The total amount of swap space should be at least 1.5 times the size of physical memory. An initial swap partition is provided on the system disk. If this partition is insufficient, it is recommended that additional swap partitions be added, preferably on other disks. Note that partition four is left unused. This partition may be: 1. Redistributed to make the other system partitions bigger. 2. Used for additional swap space. 3. Used for user files (for example a home file system). - 18 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX Use the format(1M) "?" command for help with format commands. Refer to the format(1M) manual page in Appendix A details. Note that non-system disks will need to be initialized once the system is re-booted for new disk. This includes running format(1M) to format and partition the disk and newfs(1M) to initialize the file systems. Additional steps include creating a mount point directory, adding the appropriate information to /etc/vfstab and adding new entries to the Device Database (DDB). See the System Administration Manual for information on disk formatting and partitioning. Note: All disks, including the system disk, that are to be used by the VERITAS Volume Manager (VxVM) package have special configuration requirements. Note however that Power Hawk boot disks cannot be used by VxVM. These configuration requirements are listed below. 1. Partition 5 must be left unused, and configured with a size of zero. 2. Partition 6 must be configured with a size of 512K bytes (1024 sectors). Partitions 5 and 6 are used exclusively by VxVM and cannot be used by users or the system for other uses. If partitions 5 and 6 are not configured as described, then the disk cannot be used by VxVM. Use the format(1M) command to format the disks to the specifications described above if VxVM is to be used. 5.3 Installation Modes Early in the system installation, the operator will be asked whether to perform a custom or semi-automatic system installation. A description of each mode is provided in the following paragraphs. (Note that prior to Release 3.1, custom mode was the only mode available.) 5.3.1 Custom_Mode_of_Installation In custom mode, the operator is prompted during the installation in order to specify the values for configurable items. Custom mode is recommended if the pre-determined values assigned in the semi- automatic mode are not appropriate for your site, and/or, you want the option of installing only certain packages during system installation. - 19 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes 5.3.2 Semi-Automatic_Mode_of_Installation In semi-automatic mode, the operator still specifies the basic configuration of the system however, the remainder of the installation is done with a pre-determined set of responses. Note that in semi- automatic mode, all the additional products on the tape are automatically installed. The operator does not have the option of installing only specific packages. Refer to Table 2 for a description of the configurable items and the values that they will be assigned on a semi-automatic installation. Semi-automatic mode can be used if the configurable values are set appropriately for the given site and all packages are being installed. Otherwise, custom mode should be used. Note: Refer to Table 1 to determine if a given package listed in Table 2 is applicable to your particular system. - 20 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX Table 2. Assigned Installation Values Under Semi-Automatic Mode ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Package Name Configurable Item Automatic Installation Value ________________________________________________________________________________________________ base Host nodename Obtained during initial installation. Root password "" (null password) License key - number of users Automatically configured. License key - number of processors Automatically configured. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ nsu Number of pseudo terminals 16 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ elanlm Install man pages ? yes Start license manager during system boot ? yes ________________________________________________________________________________________________ oam sysadm password "" (null password) ________________________________________________________________________________________________ cnd Number of cnd adapters on primary VME bus 1 Number of cnd adapters on secondary VME bus 0 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ dr11w Number of dr11w adapters on primary VME bus 1 Number of dr11w adapters on secondary VME bus 0 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ egl Number of egl adapters on primary VME bus 1 Number of egl adapters on secondary VME bus 0 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ hps Number of hps adapters on primary VME bus 1 Number of hps adapters on secondary VME bus 0 Configure realtime driver ? no ________________________________________________________________________________________________ hsde Number of hsde adapters on primary VME bus 1 Number of hsde adapters on secondary VME bus 0 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ pg Number of pg adapters on primary VME bus 1 Number of pg adapters on secondary VME bus 0 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ix25 Number of ix25 adapters on primary VME bus 1 Number of ix25 adapters on secondary VME bus 0 Install man pages ? yes ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1553drv Number of 1553-ABI adapters 1 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ mvme300 Number of mvme300 adapters 1 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ inet Configure TCP listener ? yes Install OAM forms and menus ? yes - 21 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes ________________________________________________________________________________________________ nfs Install OAM forms and menus ? yes ________________________________________________________________________________________________ es Install B2 utilities ? yes User assigned to role of SSO root ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ada Install directory for HAPSE standard location relative to root directory ________________________________________________________________________________________________ x11 Install header files and static libraries ? yes Install man pages ? yes Start xdm during system boot ? yes ________________________________________________________________________________________________ (continued) - 22 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX Table 2. Assigned Installation Values Under Semi-Automatic Mode (Cont) _________________________________________________________________________________ Package Name Configurable Item Automatic Installation Value _________________________________________________________________________________ nprobe Install directory for Nprobe standard location relative to root directory _________________________________________________________________________________ nsim Install directory for Nsim standard location relative to root directory _________________________________________________________________________________ ntrace Install directory for Ntrace standard location relative to root directory _________________________________________________________________________________ nview Install directory for Nview standard location relative to root directory _________________________________________________________________________________ vxvm Install OAM forms and menus ? yes _________________________________________________________________________________ 5.4 Installation Procedure First the resident console must be loaded off of the distribution media. This must be done using the Motorola ppcbug product. ppcbug is the resident debug/self-test program initially loaded when the Power Hawk hardware is reset. Additional information about ppcbug may be found in the Motorola document, PPCBUG Firmware Package User's Manual. Depending on the firmware setup, ppcbug may attempt to auto- boot or may just go to a debug prompt. If it attempts to auto-boot, depress the Escape (ESC) key until the PPC1-BUG> prompt is received at the system console. The ppcbug "pboot" command is used to load the console off of the distribution media. This must be done on a tape drive connected to the internal SCSI controller, as ppcbug is not capable of communicating with VME controllers. Place the Base Installation Tape into the tape drive and execute the following: PPC1-BUG> pboot 0,x0 where x is the SCSI ID of the selected tape drive. The console is copied to the target disk during the installation procedure. Once this has been done the console can be loaded from that disk without having to load it from tape each time. Once the console is loaded, it will enter the "halt" state and the installation may be continued. To begin system installation on a halted system, insert the Base - 23 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes Installation Tape and execute the following console commands: (where d = is the logical tape drive designation of drive containing the Base Installation Tape. This number is found from the output of the "fd -l" command.) #> fd -l .............. fd disk tape 0 (0,0,x,0) FUJITSU M2624S-512 (0,5,x,0) ARCHIVE VIPER 150 21247 1 (2,0,x,1) FUJITSU M2624F-512 #> p boot 0 #> fd mt(0,1) #> fb These commands will boot /stand/unix from tape. The time to complete the entire installation will vary depending on the packages selected to be installed and the type of tape drive being used. As the system is brought up, the initial menu will prompt you to choose either the system software installation program or the file system restore program. At this prompt, choose submenu 1 INSTALL. (The file system restore program is documented in chapter 10 of the System Administration Volume 2.) Prompts that require user input are preceded by =>. Most prompts have defaults in parentheses that may be selected by pressing the "Enter" key. At any prompt, "?" can be entered for help or "q" to quit installation. If the user selects to quit installation or if a fatal error occurs, installation will be suspended by executing a sub-shell. When exiting the shell, the last operation of the installation procedure will be repeated and installation will continue. Typing ". restart" from the shell will restart the installation procedure from the beginning. The installation is self-guiding, but the following configuration information is required from the user: o Installation Mode (choose custom or semi-automatic (see Section 5.3)) o Node name o Timezone o Time/Date o Desired file system types o System disk location (slot and unit number) o Tape drive location (if more than one drive in system) - 24 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX o System disk configuration (see Section 5.2) Following are applicable to custom mode installation only: o Which additional software packages should be installed (see Section 5.1) o Configuration information requested by the various packages o If appropriate, any kernel modules from the optional packages you want to deconf igure (that is, not link with the kernel) Note: The installation tapes are accessed at various times and must be kept in the drive during the installation until you are instructed to install a different tape. After all the packages have been installed, you will be given an opportunity, if in the custom installation mode, to deconfigure kernel modules from optional packages. When deconfigured, those drivers will not be linked with the kernel. Note that you must consider package dependencies when deconfiguring drivers. See Table 1, Software Packages, for package dependency relationships. At the end of the installation procedure, a kernel for the newly installed system will be built. 5.5 Standalone Utilities The standalone commands are shipped on the Base Installation Tape as diagnostic aids. These are not required for installation. The following standalone commands are available: ls(8), format(8), cat(8), fastcopy(8), dlvia(8) To run the standalone commands, execute the following commands from the console terminal. (where d = is the logical tape drive designation (typically 0), The "1" means that the second partition on tape contains the bootable kernel, and cmd = command to be loaded) #> p boot 1 #> fd mt(d,1) #> fb Boot : [cmd] - 25 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes 5.6 Installing Additional Packages All software packages provided on the Additional Packages tape may be installed during the installation procedure described in Section 5.4 above. However, you may delay installation of various packages until after a basic system configuration is installed. To install additional packages on an installed system, use the pkgadd(1M) command. pkgadd(1M) requires that a tape device entry be added in the Device Database with the putdev(1M) command. Refer to the pkgadd(1M) man page in Appendix A for more details. In addition, refer to the chapter entitled "Installing Add-On Software" in the System Administration Manual Volume 1 (Pubs No. 0890429). Refer to the putdev(1M) man page in Appendix A for more details. In addition, refer to the chapter entitled "The Device Database: Adding and Removing Storage Devices" in the System Administration Manual Volume 2 (Pubs No. 0890430). The following example installs the "nsu" package from a tape device named "tape1": putdev -a tape1 volume="cartridge tape" cdevice=/dev/rmt/0hf \ desc="tape drive 1" type=ctape pkgadd -qld tape1 nsu Multiple packages may be installed at once by specifying more than one package name, as in: pkgadd -qld tape1 nsu lp cmds The package(s) to install may be selected from a menu of all packages available on the tape by not specifying any package name, as in: pkgadd -qld tape1 6. Rebooting The System During the installation, a new kernel is generated. When the system installation completes, the system first halts and then returns to console mode. 1. If a kernel was successfully built during the system installation, execute the following commands from the console: (where d = is the logical disk drive designation) - 26 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX #> p boot 0 #> fd dsk(d) #> fb 2. If the kernel build fails during the installation, /stand/unix.generic is copied to /stand/unix. You may use this generic kernel to boot to single-user mode, build a new kernel and reboot. Because the generic kernel was not built using your site's specific configuration, you should not come up in multi- user mode with the generic kernel. To boot from a generic kernel, execute the following commands from the console: (where d = is the logical disk drive designation) #> p boot 2 #> fd dsk(d) #> fb Remain in single-user mode by entering the root password when prompted. Then execute the following commands: #> fsck -y /dev/rusr #> mount /dev/usr #> /etc/conf/bin/idbuild -B After you have successfully built a kernel, you can bring the system down by executing the command init 0. The system shutdown/reboot sequence takes care of moving the newly built unix to /stand/unix. Then follow the procedure in step 1 above on how to boot a newly installed system. For additional information, refer to the "Configuring and Building a Kernel" chapter in the System Administration Manual Volume 2, (Pubs No. 0890430). 7. Enhanced Security Notes It is advisable that the person configuring the B2 system (usually a trusted systems programmer (TSP)), be familiar with chapters 9 and 10 of the System Administration Volume 1, (Pubs No. 0890429). Chapter 9, "Introduction to Security" , introduces the concept of levels, classifications, privileges, secure devices, etc. Chapter 10, "Installing Software on an Enhanced Security System", explains what to do before booting an ES (Enhanced Security/B2) kernel. The only trusted shell available at this point is /sbin/sh. Therefore, all system administrative activities should be performed in /sbin/sh. A list of important commands are shown in Appendix B to these release notes. The notion of privilege is important, because most commands used in booting and maintaining the system are privileged. To be effective, the system administrator should login at SYS_PRIVATE level and invoke - 27 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes all commands with /sbin/tfadmin prepended to them. Also, there is no "all-powerful" root. The system administrator designated to maintain the machine must belong to the Site Security Officer (SSO) role. All commands assigned to the SSO role are listed in Appendix C to these release notes. To administer the system after booting it using a secure kernel in the B2 security state, do the following: 1. Login at the SYS_PRIVATE level as root, if root was assigned SSO role, or as the other user_login who was assigned SSO (by entering -h SYS_PRIVATE user_login at the login prompt). 2. After entering the password and receiving the shell prompt, invoke all privilege commands using the /sbin/tfadmin command. For example, to use the df command, enter: /sbin/tfadmin df. 3. Run fsck on usr filesystem by entering: /sbin/tfadmin fsck -F sfs /dev/rdsk/0s2 4. Mount usr by entering: /sbin/tfadmin mount -F sfs /dev/dsk/0s2 /usr 5. Mount additional disks/partitions/NFS partitions. a. Determine the level at which each disk/partition will be mounted. b. Make entries in /etc/vfstab to specify the ceiling level of the filesystem to be mounted. c. Update the secure device database by using putdev(1M) as follows: putdev -a home range="SYS_RANGE_MAX-SYS_RANGE_MIN" \ state="public" mode="static" cdevice="/dev/rdsk/4s4" \ bdevice="/dev/dsk/4s4" mountpt="/home" \ desc="Disk containing the /home" Specify the mount-point when mounting over NFS 6. All additional packages (including patches) should be added in nonsecure single-user mode. 7. You may add users with the following commands: /sbin/tfadmin useradd /sbin/tfadmin usermod /sbin/tfadmin userdel - 28 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX 7.1 Important Notes Please observe the following: 1. Make sure that /stand/unix is at SYS_PUBLIC level for /usr/bin/savecore(1) to work properly. 2. If you are having a problem with privileges, make sure all the privileges are intact. This can be done by running the command /etc/security/tools/setpriv. This command generates a script that may be executed from a shell prompt. You must execute this operation in nonsecure single-user mode. # /etc/security/tools/setpriv > /tmp/restore_privs # chmod 555 /tmp/restore_privs # /tmp/restore_privs > /dev/null 2>&1 3. To make it easier to work in the B2 environment, the following commands have been added to the SSO role: /usr/bin/adminrole /usr/bin/adminuser /sbin/filepriv /usr/bin/netsetup /usr/bin/hwstat /usr/bin/devcfg /usr/sbin/route 4. It is recommended that you configure a user other than root into the SSO role database. Then you should use the usermod -h -systerm:private root command to prevent root from logging in at SYS_PRIVATE. 7.2 Re-linking a Secure Kernel A brief summary on how to re-link a secure kernel is shown below: (This procedure should only be done on a nonsecure kernel.) 1. cd /etc/conf/sdevice.d. 2. Edit the file audit. Change the configuration field from "N" to "Y" to enable auditing. 3. Edit the file dac. Change the configuration field from "N" to "Y" to enable Discretionary Access Controls (DAC). 4. Edit the file mac. Change the configuration field from "N" to "Y" to enable Mandatory Access Controls (MAC). - 29 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes 5. Edit the files lpm and sum. Change the configuration field from "N" to "Y" in lpm and "Y" to "N" in sum to enable Least Privilege Mechanism (LPM), otherwise Super User Mechanism (SUM) is used. 6. Rebuild the kernel by executing /etc/conf/bin/idbuild. 7. The kernel binary will be put into /etc/conf/cf.d. 8. Copy the kernel binary to /stand and relink it to unix. 9. Make sure that /stand/unix is at SYS_PUBLIC level for /usr/bin/savecore(1) to work properly. 7.3 Installation Cautions On the initial boot of the B2 kernel, several error messages will be displayed which are not serious, or can be readily worked around once the login prompt is attained. The errors and steps necessary to resolve them are detailed below: 1. The following message appears when attempting to initialize the virtual partitions: UX:sh: (/sbin/sh): ERROR: /etc/vptab: Cannot execute The above message only appears if the vp (virtual partition) package is installed during the system generation. This error message will only appear on the initial boot of the new B2 kernel and since virtual partitioning is not yet configured at this point, the message may be ignored. 2. The following message appears while trying to fsck the root file system for the first time: UX:fsck: ERROR: cannot execute /usr/lib/fs/sfs/fsck - permission denied The above message only appears on the very first boot of the new B2 kernel and may be ignored. 3. The following sequence of messages will occur on every boot of any kernel until the ix25 package is fully configured. This message will only occur if the ix25 package is installed during the initial sysgen. Downloading VCOM adapters... File /etc/XNET not found. - 30 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX 8. Changes From Previous Release 8.1 Operating System 8.1.1 Processor_Identification The /system/processor/n file can be opened and read to obtain information about the the current system. The format of the information read is defined in . The values for two fields have changed in Release 3.1. The cpu_type field has changed to indicate which PowerPC processor is in use. The values for this field are defined by the CPU_xxx values in . The cpu_model field was previously zero, but now contains platform identification. Values for this field are defined by the MODEL_xxx values in . Programs compiled under previous PowerUX releases which use this file will not operate properly due to the change in value of these fields. These programs will need to have the code which references this file changed to use the new definitions in and then recompiled. 8.1.2 File_System_Performance_Improvement The default parameters for creating a new file system have been modified to provide higher performance in the default case. The most noticeable change is that the default block size is now 8K instead of 4K. Other changes to file system algorithms provide improvements in throughput, especially in the case of large sequential transfers. To take full advantage of file system performance improvements, existing files on the disk must be backed up, a newfs(1M) must be performed on the disk, and the files then restored. 8.1.3 Static_Network_Library The dynamic versions of the Network Libraries (libsocket.so, libnsl.so, libresolv.so, tcpip.so, resolv.so and straddr.so) are combined and built into a static library, named "libnsl.a". libsocket.a and libresolv.a are softlinks to libnsl.a, created to minimize the changes in the makefiles to build static network commands. The changes in the makefile, would be to add -lthread and -Zlink=static options to the link command. Thus the link options: "-lsocket -lnsl -lgen... -Zlink=dynamic" for building network commands with shared libraries will change to: "-lnsl -lgen -lthread... -Zlink=static" for building static network commands. Note: The size of an executable may increase many fold from dynamic to static mode, but the static commands run faster. - 31 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes 8.1.4 Methods_Available_for_Decreasing_Boot_Time An administrator now has the ability to decrease boot time by setting the values of three new tunables and by "customizing" system initialization scripts. 8.1.4.1 Tunables Affecting Boot Time Boot time can be decreased by bypassing certain functions during system initialization. The tunables and the functions they control are listed below. Refer to Chapter 3 of the System Administration manual (Volume 1) for additional information on these tunables. Tunable Function ______________________________________________________________________________________ CONSMSGDIS console message output during system initialization ______________________________________________________________________________________ file system consistency checks performed by system initialization scripts FASTFS creation of security index and master files remounting of root file system ______________________________________________________________________________________ SCSISCAN SCSI device lookup ______________________________________________________________________________________ 8.1.4.2 Customizing a System State There are several system configuration changes an administrator can make to further improve boot time. These are: 1. Create "custom" system state which bypasses some of the functions performed during system boot to multi-user state. 2. Make inittab file smaller by eliminating entries which are not required to run for your state or can be run after the system has been booted. 3. Delay starting some utilities (networking for example) until after the system has booted. Refer to Chapter 3 of the System Administration manual (Volume 1) for specific information on how to customize your system to achieve reductions in boot time. 8.1.5 Shutting_Down_the_System_Quickly Shut down time is affected by: how may processes are running, how much of the file buffers need to be flushed to disk and the number of facilities and daemons that are running which need to be stopped in a clean and orderly fashion. - 32 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX In a given environment, the method of choice for bringing the system down may be to invoke the uadmin(1M) command directly. Bypassing init and shutdown speeds up the process by a significant amount of time. Refer to Chapter 3 of the System Administration manual (Volume 1) 8.1.6 XPG4_Base_93 This release contains modifications to allow the operating system to be branded XPG4 Base compliant. Another common term for this standard is XPG4 Base 93. (No attempt has been made to complete the branding process at this time.) 8.1.7 Kernel_Size Analysis and tuning of kernel module dependencies allows minimum kernels which are smaller than in previous releases. Refer to Chapter 8 in the System Administration manual (Volume 2) for information on methods that may be used for reducing the size of the kernel. 8.1.8 General_Performance Performance improvements were made to several key areas within the kernel: o Synchronization routines o System service entry and exit o Byte copy routines o File system services o Pipe services The result is a reduction in the kernel overhead associated with most applications. The total run-time of standard operating system benchmarks has been reduced 10-20 percent. 8.1.9 Uniprocessor_Determinism Provides support for interrupt daemons. This feature is required to get improved determinism on a uniprocessor. Interrupt daemons are kernel threads which perform the majority of the work which would otherwise be performed at interrupt level. Each device can be configured to run with interrupt daemons or standard interrupt routines. Determinism is gained for the highest priority processes in the system by scheduling these processes at a higher priority than the interrupt daemon. - 33 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes Interrupt daemons cause degradation in I/O throughput for the devices for which they are configured. The amount of degradation depends on the amount of application processing performed at a higher priority than the interrupt daemon. 8.1.10 Configurable_VME_Space_(Power_Hawk_Only) On Power Hawk platforms, accesses to VME space that are issued by the processor are accomplished through a special range of processor physical addresses. The hardware on Power Hawk platforms translates this range of processor physical addresses into PCI bus addresses that fall into the PCI Memory Space range on the PCI Bus. Additional hardware on Power Hawk platforms is set up to translate these PCI Memory Space addresses into VME addresses, which the hardware will place upon the VME Bus. The PowerUX operating system on Power Hawk platforms sets up a default VME space configuration that is designed to maximize compatibility with Night Hawk platforms while also providing a variety of A16, A24 and A32 VME spaces. For most customers, this default configuration should be sufficient for their needs, and will not require any modification. However, in an effort to provide additional flexibility, in this PowerUX release, the system administrator may now modify certain system defaults pertaining to the VME to PCI configuration, and the placement of VME windows for A32 and A24 devices. This configuration of VME space on Power Hawk platforms may be accomplished by modifying certain tunables by using the config(1M) utility. It should be mentioned that the default values of these VME configuration tunables provide the exact same VME space configuration of previous PowerUX releases. Some of the reasons why a system administrator may want to modify the default VME space configuration on Power Hawk platforms are listed below: 1. There are one or more VME devices configured in the system that have a large amount of on-board memory and/or require that their VME space be configured on certain address boundaries. 2. There are only A32 VME devices configured on the system, and it would be desirable to expand the amount of A32 VME space, and remove the A24 VME space, or vice versa. 3. Although PCI devices can be configured to respond to PCI I/O Space addresses, PCI devices can also be configured to respond to PCI Memory Space addresses. Therefore, it is possible that there may be a mix of PCI and VME devices in the system that both want - 34 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX to share PCI Memory Space. In this situation, it may be desirable to reduce the amount of VME space within the PCI Memory Space in order to allow more of the PCI Memory Space to be used for PCI devices. 8.1.11 SVGA_Display/Mouse/Keyboard_Support_(Power_Hawk_Only) The 3.1 release of PowerUX provides support that enables the use of a 101 key keyboard (IBM compatible) and VGA/SVGA monitor as the primary system console for systems equipped with built-in SVGA, or a plug-in VGA/SVGA display adapter. Features included are: 1. Console/monitor program support that allow the keyboard and display to be used as the system boot/diagnostic interface. 2. Standalone library support that allows the keyboard/display to be used during system boot and installation. 3. PowerUX kernel drivers and STREAMS modules supporting an IBM compatible keyboard and controller, VGA/SVGA display, and a PS/2 compatible or serial mouse, including support for hotkey switching between multiple "virtual" consoles. 4. Utilities for managing virtual terminals, changing display modes, and managing pointing devices, etc. 5. Underlying OS support for a X11R6 server package. The aforementioned X server will be based on MetroX, the enhanced X11R6 server from Metrolink, Inc., and will initially support the built-in SVGA (Cirrus GD5434) found on certain models in the Power Hawk line. The X server product depends upon the facilities found in PowerUX 3.1. 8.2 Compilation Systems 8.2.1 Commands_and_Utilities cpp(1) and acpp(1) no longer predefine the macro _PowerUNIX. The macro _PowerUX is predefined. A -Qtarget=ppc604e option is added to as(1), dis(1), and adb(1). This option directs these commands to regard the PowerPC instruction set as particular to the PowerPC 604e processor. New _VND_MODE_* values are defined in that specify if an object file or executable contains instructions specific to the PowerPC 604e. - 35 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes A -Qsearch_order option is added to ld(1). By default, the link editor resolves as many references as possible when examining an archive before proceeding to examine the next archive. The -Qsearch_order directs the link editor to defer resolution of newly- discovered references in an archive until the next pass through the archives. This allows an earlier archive to satisfy a reference in a later archive, even if that later archive could satisfy the reference. The -Qsearch_order option implicitly defines the -Qmult_archive option. The gdb symbolic debugger is no longer provided with PowerUX. Users may license the nview(1) symbolic debugger, or they may download and build the gdb debugger from the Free Software Foundation. The DWARF .debug_loc section is supported by the compilation systems tools. 8.2.2 C_Library Changes in the kernel and the shared C library (/usr/lib/libc.so.1) allow dynamically linked programs to run with less consumption of swap space resources. The _start() function in /lib/crt0.o now invokes the function defined by the _thr_init variable, if there is such a function, before invoking any initialization functions specified through the .initp section of the program. In previous releases, this order was reversed. fpieee(3C) is added. This function permits enabling or disabling of the IEEE mode bit in the PowerPC fpscr register. By default, programs begin execution with the IEEE mode bit enabled. The performance of memcpy(3C), memset(3C), bcopy(3), and bset(3C) is improved in this release. str2sig(3c) and sig2str(3c) are added. These functions provide translation between system signal numbers and descriptive names of the signals. 8.2.3 Math_Library The performance and the accuracy of sqrtf(3m) are improved in this release. The performance of fabs(3m) is improved in this release. - 36 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX 9. Compatibility Between Night Hawk, Power Hawk and Power MAXION Systems PowerUX for the Power Hawk Model 610 system in general provides source and binary compatibility with PowerUX on the Night Hawk HN6200. Code written, compiled and/or linked on one of these platforms will operate on the other with the following exceptions: 1. Applications written for the Night Hawk and Power MAXION systems that use the real-time clocks (RTCs) may require minor modifications to function properly on a Power Hawk system. Five RTCs are available on the Power Hawk, two 32-bit timers with a 1 microsecond resolution (tick timers) and three 16-bit timers (Z8536 timers) with a 400 nanosecond resolution. (Note that RTCs are not available on the Power Stack system.) On the Night Hawk and Power MAXION, the RTCs have device names /dev/rrtc/0cx where x is between 0 and 4. On the Power Hawk, the two tick timers have similar names (/dev/rrtc/0c0-1) while the Z8536 timers use /dev/rrtc/1c0-2. When utilizing one of the tick timers in "default mode" no code changes are required, only a re-compilation of the application. If one of the Z8536 timers are to be used, the application will need to be modified to handle the 400 nanosecond resolution of the timers. If the RTC application uses "direct mode" the modifications could be extensive. Review the rtc(7) man page for a description of the "direct mode" functionality on each of the systems. 2. PowerUX on the Night Hawk and Power MAXION systems provides the ability to generate an address translation to the Interval Timer hardware and read it directly from the user process. This is done using the /dev/interval_timer device. Such a POSIX-format timer does not exist on the Power Hawk hardware so programs that depend upon this operation will not operate. There are two alternatives that provide compatible operation. a. Use the C library routines, such as clock_gettime(). This routine exists in the shared C library and generates instructions appropriate to the hardware platform. On the Night Hawk and Power MAXION, this routine uses the hardware Interval Timer while on the Power Hawk it uses the 64-bit Time Base Register. Note that conversion of the Time Base register to POSIX format takes notably longer than merely reading the Interval Timer register. - 37 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes b. Use the Time Base Register exclusively for timing. This is a 64-bit register that increments at 1/4 the clock speed of the processor bus. For example, on a 100MHz Power Hawk system that has a processor bus speed of 50MHz, it increments at the rate of 12.5MHZ. This is a processor register on the PPC604 and is directly accessible from user code. However conversion to seconds and nanoseconds may be time consuming depending upon the processor bus speed. 3. Night Hawk and Power MAXION PowerUX provides a set of routines to read and/or write the hardware ipl register. This register determines the interrupt level that the processor is currently running at. The ability to read/write the ipl value is especially useful for user-level device drivers. The spl_map() package includes routines to generate virtual mappings to the hardware ipl register, along with a library to write the register (spl_request) and a macro to do the same (spl_request_macro). Mappings are done by using the /dev/spl device node. Power Hawk systems do not have a hardware ipl register. Instead a series of hardware registers implement the ipl functionality through a series of bit masks. Therefore routines that map directly to the hardware ipl register will not operate on these systems. /dev/spl does not exist on Power Hawk systems. Compatible operation between Power Hawk and the Night Hawk and Power MAXION systems can be accomplished using the following techniques. a. Do not use mmap(3) to map directly to the hardware register(s). b. Use the spl_map(), spl_unmap() and spl_request() library routines for all ipl register reads/writes. Compatible C library functions will exist that provides the appropriate functionality. c. If the spl_request_macro() is used, the program will need to be recomplied and relinked on the target machine, as the macro implementation will be different. On the Power Hawk it will be the same as the C library routine. d. Do not depend upon hard-coded spl values, as the values used may vary between platforms. However, in all cases, an spl value of 0 allows all interrupts, and higher values prevent more and more interrupts. spl values are always less than 255. - 38 - Release Notes 3.1 Power Hawk PowerUX 4. Programs that depend upon the arrangement and size of kernel data structures may not work properly due to differing sizes of certain items. These would be programs that utilize /dev/mem or /dev/kmem to read and/or examine kernel structures. These programs should be recompiled on the target system to ensure functionality. 5. Power Hawk platforms are only single processor systems. Programs that require multiple processors, or make system calls that reference multiple processors, may not operate properly. 6. Edge Triggered Interrupts are available on the Night Hawk and Power MAXION platforms but not on the Power Hawk platform. Therefore, there is no software support on Power Hawk systems for Edge Triggered Interrupts. 10. Manual Pages Manual pages can be found online. The easiest way to access these is by typing man followed by a manual page name or a command name. Typing man manual, for example, will show online the manual page that contains a categorized listing of all the current manual names, publication numbers and latest revision numbers. On-line manual pages also exist for most software and hardware manuals in this document. These manual pages provide a description of each manual and also list all related publications, where applicable. To access, type apropos pubs number that will display the manual page name. Typing man manual page name will then show on the screen the manual page you are interested in. Printed copies of selected man pages that may need to be referenced during installation are provided in Appendix A to these notes. These man pages are: format(1M) pkgadd(1M) putdev(1M) 11. Direct Software Support Software support is available from a central source. If you need assistance or information about your system, please contact the Harris Software Support Center at our toll free number (1-800-245-6453). Our customers outside the continental United States can contact us directly at 1-305-971-6248. The Software Support Center operates Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m., Eastern Standard time. - 39 - Power Hawk PowerUX 3.1 Release Notes Calling the Software Support Center gives you immediate access to a broad range of skilled personnel and guarantees you a prompt response from the person most qualified to assist you. If you have a question requiring on-site assistance or consultation, the Software Support Center staff will arrange for a field analyst to return your call and schedule a visit. Harris provides a Software Action Request (SAR) form which our customers can fill out and submit to their local field analyst or the Software Support Center. This procedure ensures that your request is entered into our SAR database for follow-up and action. To obtain copies of SAR forms, call the Software Support Center and request form number CSD1833B. - 40 - Contents 1. Introduction................................................. 1 2. Documentation................................................ 2 2.1 PowerUX Software Documentation......................... 2 2.2 Power Hawk Motorola Documentation...................... 2 3. Software Prerequisites....................................... 3 4. Hardware Prerequisites....................................... 3 4.1 CPU.................................................... 3 4.2 SCSI Interface Controller.............................. 3 4.3 Disk/Tape Drives....................................... 4 4.4 Ethernet Controllers................................... 4 4.4.1 Internal DEC Ethernet Controller............... 4 4.4.2 Interphase 4207 Eagle.......................... 4 4.4.3 Interphase 4221 Condor......................... 4 4.5 FDDI Controllers....................................... 4 4.5.1 Interphase Peregrine 4211...................... 4 4.5.2 Interphase Peregrine 5211...................... 4 4.6 HPS.................................................... 4 4.7 HSDE................................................... 5 4.8 1553................................................... 5 4.9 DR11-W................................................. 5 4.10 Parallel Printer Port.................................. 5 4.11 VDT Terminal........................................... 5 5. System Installation.......................................... 5 5.1 Software Packages...................................... 5 5.2 System Disk Configuration.............................. 18 5.3 Installation Modes..................................... 19 5.3.1 Custom Mode of Installation.................... 19 5.3.2 Semi-Automatic Mode of Installation............ 20 5.4 Installation Procedure................................. 23 5.5 Standalone Utilities................................... 25 5.6 Installing Additional Packages......................... 26 6. Rebooting The System......................................... 26 7. Enhanced Security Notes...................................... 27 7.1 Important Notes........................................ 29 7.2 Re-linking a Secure Kernel............................. 29 7.3 Installation Cautions.................................. 30 8. Changes From Previous Release................................ 31 8.1 Operating System....................................... 31 8.1.1 Processor Identification....................... 31 - i - 8.1.2 File System Performance Improvement............ 31 8.1.3 Static Network Library......................... 31 8.1.4 Methods Available for Decreasing Boot Time..... 32 8.1.4.1 Tunables Affecting Boot Time.......... 32 8.1.4.2 Customizing a System State............ 32 8.1.5 Shutting Down the System Quickly............... 32 8.1.6 XPG4 Base 93................................... 33 8.1.7 Kernel Size.................................... 33 8.1.8 General Performance............................ 33 8.1.9 Uniprocessor Determinism....................... 33 8.1.10 Configurable VME Space (Power Hawk Only)....... 34 8.1.11 SVGA Display/Mouse/Keyboard Support (Power Hawk Only)..................................... 35 8.2 Compilation Systems.................................... 35 8.2.1 Commands and Utilities......................... 35 8.2.2 C Library...................................... 36 8.2.3 Math Library................................... 36 9. Compatibility Between Night Hawk, Power Hawk and Power MAXION Systems............................................... 37 10. Manual Pages................................................. 39 11. Direct Software Support...................................... 39 - ii - _________________________________________________________________ HARRIS COMPUTER SYSTEMS _________________________________________________________________ Power Hawk PowerUX Version 3.1 Release Notes 0891058-3.1 July, 1996 _________________________________________________________________ Trademark Acknowledgments Ada is a trademark Rational Software Corporation. AXI is a trademark of Sente Corporation. CX/RT is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. CX/UX is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. Elan License Manager is a trademark of Elan Computer Group, Inc. Ethernet is a registered trademark of Xerox Corporation. gdb is a trademark of Free Software Foundation. HAPSE is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. HSDE is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. NFS is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Incorporated. NightProbe is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. NightSim is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. NightStar is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. NightTrace is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. NightView is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. Night Hawk is a registered trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. OSF/Motif is a trademark of Open Software Foundation, Inc. PowerPC is a trademark of IBM Corporation. PowerUX is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. PowerSX is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. POSIX is a registered trademark of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Power Hawk is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. Power MAXION is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. Real-Time/PowerUX is a trademark of Concurrent Computer Corporation. UNIX is a registered trademark licensed exclusively by the X/Open Company Ltd. VERITAS is a registered trademark of VERITAS Software Corporation. VxVM is a registered trademark of VERITAS Software Corporation. X Window System is a trademark of X Consortium, Inc. . Appendix A Manual Pages return to index ================================================================================